Precast hollow slab concrete construction system



Dec. 6; 1938. J. E. MARSTON PRECAST HOLLOW SLAB CONCRETE CONSTRUCTION SYSTEM s Sheet-Sheet 1 Filed Oct. 13, 1937 Jams 5a? a 7/24 7350? Dec. 6, 1938. J. E. MARSTON PREGAST HOLLOW SLAB CONCRETE CONSTRUCTION SYSTEM Filed Oct. 13, 1937 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 H 4 1 y v j ullllk f 9T1 o o 8 5 v M m a U/ 4 W: a I TR m 6 5 a v V J a? W V a 4: T

Dec. 6, 1938. J. E, MARSTON 2,

PRECAST HOLLOW SLAB CONCRETE CONSTRUCTION SYSTEM I Filed on. 15, 19s? s Sheets-Sheet s I Patented Dec. 6, 1938 UNITED. STATES PATENT OFFICE rnncas'r HOLLOW sins couoaa'ra con- STBUCTION .srs'rnu James Edgar Marston, Bralorne, British (iolumbia panada prevent any misalignment or spreading, and' bolting up the whole assembly becomes a rigid unit.

. Any type or design of house or structure may be fabricated by the use of my system as it is versatile in its application, and houses and buildings having gables, hip roofs, dormers with valleys, may be as readily constructed as more simple types of buildings.

I am aware that several United States paten have been granted for building construction, concrete structures and sectional cement structures, but, after reviewing a number of these patents.

I find none of them having the important details that distinguish my invention from them, to providejhe economic factors and conveniences of structure and assembly that my invention possesses.

3o It is an important object of my invention to provide an improved re-inforced building unit comprising either a wall, a floor partition or roof panel that has a continuous rib or flange extending around both sides and ends, and intercepted by longitudinal ribs intermediate the side.

ribs to divide the panel into a number of smaller panels of elliptical crosssection.

It is also an object of my invention to provide a. type of construction in which the various units entering thereinto may be assembled together without the use of any pre-constructed framework to hold the units in place while being assembled. V

' It is a further object of my invention to provide means integrally secured upon one or both faces of the panels entering into the construction for securing metal laths upon either face for plastering or stucco finish.

It is also an important object of my invention to provide an improved form'of weather and the roof load directly upon top of the side walls,

thereby relieving all over-hang of the root from strain and stress.

' With these and other objects in view,,I have invented the system of construction described in the following specification and illustrated in the accompanying drawings forming part of this application, and in which: K

Figure 1 is a perspective elevation of part of a building illustrating the use, place and asm sembly of the various unitsused in my method of construction.

Figure 2 is a detail and cross sectional view of under side of one of the roof slabs.

Figures 2a and 2b are respectively elevations 15 of the opposite end portions of the slab shown in Fig. 2.

Figure 3 is an elevational detail view of buildingconstruction illustrating assembly of floor, walland roof panels and method of fastening m the same.

Figure 4 is a separate detail view of head of bearing partition supporting the jointure of floor panels.

Figure 5 is a .transverse and cross sectional 25 view of ground floor panel and illustrates the" manner of bolting to another panel.

Figure 6 is a view of open partition panel and shows mounting of set screws.

Figure '7 is ,a cross sectional viewof corner 30 and main partition anchor.

Figure Sis a side elevation of Figure 7..

Figure 9 is a plan view and end and side views of a. main wall panel.

Figure 10 is a cross sectional view of main walls of a building illustrating the elliptical recessesformed in the panels and method of joining and bolting them together and anchoring of a partition to the main wall.

Figure 11- is a detail view of part of a roof 40 having a dormer built thereonto.

Figure 12 is a section of valley of dormer on line lZ-l2 of Figure 11 showing joining of roof panels at this point.

Figure 13 is a. cross sectional view of joint of 45 roof panels showing method of providing a water tight joint by means of a metal feather clamped between joints.

Figure 14 illustrates the manner of lengthening roof panels by bolting of an extension thereto.

Figure 15 illustrates'one type of metal lath fastener for securing of metal lath thereupon.

foundation wall above the ledge 2.

tom edge and one side while a groove 3 is formed upon the opposite side edge.

For the purpose of providing a light, strong wall panel, the latter are formed with a number of elliptical shaped sections 6 enclosed within a continuous surrounding rib 1 and intersected by longitudinal ribs 8 formed between the elliptical sections and the surrounding rib.

The ledge 2 is arranged to receive one end of a reinforced floor panel 42 which also has a (See Figure number of elliptical sections formed therein for lightness and strength, after the manner described for the wall panels.

Thereinforcement of these floor panels and likewise the roof panels is preferably an integral iron framework comprising channel irons 9 for the sides and ends and an I beam ill for the center which are all welded or riveted together to form a rigid" framework. One end of the floor panels is bolted to anchors ll suitably spaced apart and set in the concrete The inner end of the floor panels upon the under side are provided with a recess l2 which, with the recess formed in the adjacent and joining floor panel, forms a groove in which a tongue 4, formed upon top of the supporting partition or beam l3, registers and provides stiffness and rigidity after the floor panels are bolted together.

The floor panels 42 may be provided wit h-a number of furring grooves l4 for the reception of furring strips upon which a wooden floor may be nailed if desired. (See Figure 5) 1 Floor panels that are used for second stories are preferably provided with a moulded outer end l5, the top of which forms a water table it and the lower edge a moulding il that overlaps the top outer edge of the wall panels and hides the joint. (See Figure 1).

The top and under side of second story floor,

panels it are provided with grooves for the reception of the tongues 4 of wall panels.

. In the center of some of the elliptical sections of the wall panels are provided bolt holes I! through which bolts are inserted for securing all of the members together. Likewise bolt holes 20 are provided through the outer ribs of the panels for bolting of wall and floor panels to ether. (See Figures 5 and 10).

Ceiling panels 2! may be formed with either open or closed sections between the ribs 1 and I of the panels.

In case the upper part of the structure is to be used for an attic with rooms, then 'the panels would be formed with the usual elliptical sections 6 to comprise a floor thereto, but, if no rooms were desired in the attic, then the panels would be formed with open ribs on the lower face of which would be secured metal lath fasteners, after the style of those illustrated in Figure 15, upon which metal lath would be secured for plastering to comprise the ceiling.

All ceiling panels 2! are provided with an outer extension 22' which projects beyond the outer walls of the building to provide the caves of the roof of the building. 1

The ceiling panels are provided, on the lower side, with the groove 3 to register with the tongue 4 of the wall panels.

Upon the upper side of the extension 22 there is provided a recess 23 for the reception of a wide tongue 24 formed upon the lower and horizontal base 25 of the roof panels 2 which are also formed with elliptical sections 6 upon the inner or lower face of the panels.

The roof panels 26 are illustrated in Figure 1 and separately in Figure 2, .which show the latter as having reinforced sides and ends and center.

At the inner end of the horizontal base 25 is formed a vertical face 2'l upon which are mounted projecting flanges 28 the upper end of which are rigidly secured to the faces of the iron reinforcements enclosed within the concrete forming the roof panels.

These flanges 28 are secured by the bolts 29 to the top of the ceiling panel which is likewise secured to the wall panel by the same bolt passing through the latter into one of the elliptic sections of the wall panel. (See Figure 3).

For securing the corners of abuilding together and the intersection of partition walls with the outer walls, I prefer to use anchors 44 such as are illustrated in Figures '1 and 8 and having pockets 3! formed in one end for the reception of the head SI of securing bolts 45.

By the use of this type of anchor it permits 01 the wall panels being formed with flat faces and without projections of any kind, and this is an advantage in the handling, assembling and transporting of the panels.

The intersections of the roof panels are provided with a recess 32, such as is illustrated in Figure 13, and are fitted with a metal feather 43 which is clamped between the faces of the joint by the securing bolts II when the latter are tightened up, after which the joint is treated with mastic and filled with concrete, preferably waterproofed.

The roof panels, if designed to be lengthened and joined by other roof panels, have the recesses formed horizontally along the top edges of the panel to correspond with like recesses formed upon the lower edges of the joining panels.

In roofs that are fitted with dormers such as are illustrated in Figure 11, and having a valley -34, I provide the intersection of the roof panels with a tongue and groove joint OI such as are illustrated in cross section in Figure 12. Ilhe joint is suitably bonded with mastic to make itwatertight.

For dividing a building oif into rooms, I pi-othereupon, after which the partitions are plastered. These open partition panels may be made to register with open ceiling panels if desired and to form extensions thereto if necessary.

The ridges of the roof panels are joined together by a curved bolt 31, such as is illustrated in Figure 3, but any other type of suitable fasteningmay be used if desired. The roof ridge is preferably covered by a pre-east concrete ridge plate such as illustrated at 38 in Figure 3, after II the intersection of panels forming the ridge has had the recess joint 39 treated and waterproofed.

The metal lath fasteners which I prefer to use comprise longitudinal strips 401 in which are formed a number of incisions 4| suitably spaced apart, which incisions may be raised up and bent over openings in the metal lath.

The strips 40 are suitably bedded in the concrete at the time of moulding the panels.

Having now described my invention and the nature of same, what I claim and desire to be protected in, by Letters Patent, is:

1. In sectional concrete construction, a concrete slab having a metal frame composed of a marginal frame of channel iron and intermediate parallel bars of I beams, one face of the slab being plane and the other face having semi-elliptical grooves between the parallel I-beam portions.

2. In sectional concrete construction, a concrete slab having a metal frame composed of a marginal frame of channel iron and intermediate parallel bars of I beams, one face of the slab being plane and the other face having semielliptical grooves between the parallel I-beam portions, said slab having bolt holes through its sides and ends, the side holes being countersunk in the semi-elliptical groove.

3. In sectional concrete construction, a concrete slab having a metal frame composed of a marginal frame of channel iron and interme-- diate parallel bars of I beams, one face of the slab being plane and the other face having semielliptical grooves between the parallel I-beam portions, the margins of the slab having longitudinal corner recesses adjacent the plane face beyond the adjacent channel iron marginal frame.

4. In sectional concrete construction, a concrete slab having a metal frame composed of a marginal frame of channel iron and intermediate parallel bars of I beams, one face of the slab being plane and the other face, having semi-elliptical grooves between the parallel I-beam portions, the margins of the slab being tongued and grooved whereby one slab may be interlocked with another.

5. In sectional concrete construction, a concrete slab having a metal frame composed of a marginal frame of channel iron and intermediate parallel bars of I beams, one face' of the slab being plane and the other face having semielliptical grooves between 'the'parallel I-beam' portions, the I beams of the frame being completely embedded in the concrete, the limbs only of the channel iron of the marginal-frame being embedded in the concrete. v I

6. In sectional concrete construction, a concrete slab having a metal framecomposed of a marginal frame of channel iron and intermediate parallel bars of I beams, one face of the slab ,being plane and the other face having semi-elbeams of the frame being completely embedded in the concrete, the limbs only of the channel iron of the marginal frame being embedded in the concrete, and a second slab of like construction to the first secured to the first by bolts passing through the adjacent bolt holes of the two slabs when placed edge to edge, and a V-shaped metal feather located between the adjacent faces of; the channel irons of the two slabs and held to seal the joint upon tightening up the bolts.

7. .In sectional concrete construction, a concrete slab having a metal frame composed of a marginal frame of channel iron and intermediate parallel bars of I beams, one face of the-slab being plane and the other face having semi-elliptical grooves between the parallel I-beam portions,

the margins of the slab having longitudinal corner recesses adjacent the plane face beyond the adjacent channel iron marginal frame, the I beams of the frame being completely embedded in the concrete, the limbs only of the channel iron of the marginal frame being embedded in the concrete, a second slab of like construction to the first secured to the first by bolts passing through the adjacent bolt holes of the two slabs when placed edge to edge, and aw-shaped metal feather located between the adjacent faces of the channel irons of the two slabs and held to seal the joint upon tightening up the bolts, the edge wings of the feather lying in said corner recesses, and a filler in the adjacent recesses of the two slabs, whose exposed face is flush with the plane faces of the slabs.

8. In sectional concrete construction, a'concrete slab having a metal frame composed of a marginal frame oflchannel iron and intermediate parallel bars of I beams, one face of the slab being plane and the other face having semi-elliptical grooves between the parallel I-beam portions, the concrete atone edge of said slab being formed as a triangular section to constitute a base, the bearing face of the base lying at an acute angle to the plane face of the slab to adapt said slab to serve as a roof slab.

9. In sectional concrete construction, a concrete slab having a metal frame composed of a marginal frame of channel iron and intermediate parallel bars of I-beams, one face of the slab being plane and the other face having semi-elliptical grooves between the parallel I-beam'portions, the concreteat one edge of said slab being formed as triangular section to constitute a base, the bearing face of the base lying at an acute angle to the plane face of the slab to adapt said slab to serve as a roof slab, said bearing face 

